[Salon] Language of resistance



Language of resistance

Summary: young Arabs are returning to their language to support Palestinians and challenge Israel’s ruthless Gaza campaign and the West’s hypocrisy in supporting it.

We thank Tharwa Boulifi for today’s newsletter. Tharwa is a 22 year-old Tunisian writer and medical student who was first published at the age of 15.  She writes in Arabic, French, English and Spanish focussing on women’s rights with an emphasis on Arab and African women, culture and LGBTQ+ rights.  Her work has been published widely in, amongst others, Teen Vogue, Herizons, Africa in Motion, The New Arab and Newsweek. Tharwa is a regular contributor to the newsletter. You can find her AD podcast Tunisia’s Gen Z here.

Although Arabic is Tunisia’s official language and most Tunisians speak a dialect of “Tunisian Arabic” which includes many words from the Berber language, the French language has occupied a central place in Tunisian culture. For 75 years from 1881 to 1956 my country was a colony of France and the language of the coloniser has continued to hold great value. Parents, especially from the upper middle-class, rush to start teaching their children French as early as possible. Some even speak to their children exclusively in the language, to get them used to it, so they’ll sound like natives of Paris. In family gatherings and with their friends, parents like to show off their children’s mastery of the language. At the age of 3, my parents had already started teaching me French.

Such practices and attitudes find their roots in the brutal French colonial heritage. Under occupation, the French settlers who had power made locals feel their superiority to them. Similarly, in the post-colonial era, the more privileged Tunisians wanted to keep this intimidation tradition alive, by using the language of the coloniser. In this toxic dynamic of domination where the ones mastering French were perceived as the most powerful, speaking French became not only a wealth status indicator but also a measure of intelligence. Fluent French-speaking people are portrayed in TV shows and series as smart, cultivated, and refined, while those who make French grammar mistakes are considered clumsy and somehow uncivilized.

Even so, as primary school children, my generation, the Gen Zs, remained attached to Arabic, firstly because of the Tunisian educational curriculum where it is taught as the first language and secondly thanks to “Spacetoon”, the pan-Arab TV channel that has specialised in broadcasting children's programmess and cartoons in standard Arabic. As we got older, we gradually moved away from our mother tongue, especially during our teenage years, when we were introduced to English-speaking songs, movies, and series on Netflix. Quickly, English dethroned French which my generation perceives as boring and old-fashioned. It is still the case though that both languages carry a value for students in college looking to further their studies or work abroad. Those who chose to study Arabic were mocked since no one could understand such a choice which was seen to limit career horizons.

But since 7 October and the start of massacres in Palestine, people all around the world are protesting against the genocide happening in Gaza and flooding social media, despite the censorship and the deleting of pro-Palestinian posts. Young Arabs in the Middle East and North Africa and in the diaspora who first started posting in English and under English hashtags, have switched to Arabic. On social media, human stories of all kinds are being told in Arabic: stories of Palestinian families being wiped out, the dreams of murdered children’s obliterated, young couples separated by death, doctors and journalists dying while doing their job. The pain expressed in these stories couldn’t have been told in any language other than Arabic, the mother tongue of the multiple nations sharing the same collective grief. Beside mourning this awful tragedy, Arabs are expressing their revolt against the current world order, and the white supremacy of powerful Western countries, boycotting brands supporting Zionist organisations and denouncing mainstream media's double standards.

Young Arabs are calling for resistance, and will not allow Israel and its Western allies to make us feel mentally defeated and passively resigned to what is happening in Palestine. So we take the opportunity to remember and salute the work of Palestinian writers and poets such as Mahmoud Darwish, profoundly committed to the cause of his people. In this cruel war, we young Arabs were introduced to Refaat Alareer, a writer, poet, activist, and professor who was murdered by the Israeli military on 7 December. Alareer, the co-founder of the “We’re not numbers” organisation that connects experienced writers with young writers from Gaza, spent his life telling the world about the true story of Gazans and their struggle against the apartheid state.

As part of dealing with the grief, young Muslim Arabs have gone back to reading the Quran to find comfort in its surahs. Returning to the Quran has become a spiritual therapy for many who find in the holy book of Islam reassurance that happier times will come and that patience will eventually be rewarded.

Every year on 18 December the Arab-speaking world as well as the Arab diaspora celebrate World Arabic Language Day. Today the celebration is darkened by what is happening in Gaza with Israel committing genocide in a war of vengeance that makes no distinction between civilians and fighters. Whereas the rest of the world is looking away and preparing for the end-of-the-year celebrations, young Arabs have found succour and sustenance in going back to their roots and mother tongue, as they collectively resist, process and face the horrors of the Gaza tragedy.

Happy World Arabic Language Day and may the next poems we recite be poems of victory and liberation!


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